Early Roman History to the fall of Tarquin
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Rome, Latium and the foundation of Rome c. 1200 BC - c. 750 BC
In the subsequent sections we will assess how much of the traditional story may be true. We will also analyse early Roman history and look for causes and trends. Much of the traditional account is fiction - the result of imaginative speculations on the part of Greek authors in the fifth and fourth centuries. There is a myth linking the name of the Palatine Hill to the Arcadian leader Evander, on account of the similarity between the name of the Palatine and Evander's native town of Pallanteum, and this may be discounted as mere story-telling. According to some Greeks, Romulus was the son of Odysseus by Circe; in another story Tusculum was founded by a second son of Odysseus. The Greeks are responsible for the invention of the myth that Rome was originally founded by Aeneas. The Sicilian poet Stesichorus recorded the myth of Aeneas's wanderings in the west in the seventh century BC. The myth of Aeneas was already known in Etruria by the late sixth century and there are votive statues to Aeneas carrying his father Anchises from Troy found in Veii from this time as well us more than a dozen survival vases depicting the same scene also from Veii, dated 525 - 460 BC. The Greek writer Hellanicus identified Aeneas as the founder of Rome in the fifth century. However, whilst Eratosthenes dated the fall of Troy to 1184 BC, another Greek historian called Timaeus dated the foundation of Rome to 814 BC. By 300 BC the Romans had accepted the myth of Aeneas and were seeking ways of combining it with other accounts of the foundation of the city. The historian Fabius Pictor and the poets Naevius and Ennius developed the myth into the form later recorded by Livy - with the dual foundation of Alba Longa and Roma separated by a period during which the descendants of Aeneas reigned by hereditary right.
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Contents of
Early Roman History to the fall of Tarquin
1 Latium and Rome - the site of Rome
2 The ancient Latins
3 The problem of sources
4 Fabius Pictor and Cincius Alimentus
5 The Roman annalists
6 Greek references to early Roman history
7 The work of the Roman annalists
8 Primary sources for Roman history
9 Further primary sources for early Roman history
10 The traditional account of early Roman History from Livy
11 Ascanius
12 Romulus
13 Numa Pmplius
14 Tulius Hostilius
15 Mettius
16 Ancus Marcius
17 Tarquinius Priscus
18 Servius Tullius
19 Tarquinius Superbus
20 The Rape of Lucretia
21 Lars Porsenna
22 Rome, Latium and the foundation of Rome c. 1200 BC - c. 750 BC
23 The founding of Rome
24 Mont Cavo in the Alban Hills
25 The Palatine Hill
26 The myth of the Sabine women
27 The early Kings of Rome c. 750 BC - c. 600 BC
28 Early constitution of Rome
29 The period of the Etruscan preponderance: c. 600 BC - c. 510 BC
30 The reign of Servius
31 The reign of Tarquinius Superbus
32 The foundation of the Roman Republic
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