The Greek Middle Ages: c. 1125 - c.700 BC
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Cultural developments in Greece during the period of tyrannies
Cultural developments are indicative of rising economic power. Greek geometric art disappeared. New motifs were inspired by oriental styles, not drawn from pottery itself, but from ivories, jewellery, metalwork and textiles. From the Egyptian pattern of alternating lotus flowers and buds was derived the "egg and tongue" and "egg and dart" motifs. The ionic pillar was derived from similar pillars used in Syria. Vases become decorated with friezes depicting animals such as wild goats, lions, sphinxes, dogs and hares. Vases were decorated with images of muscular men and themes were adopted from the tales of Greek heroes. During the C7th the Corinthians developed a "Protocorinthian" style which was very fine and carefully crafted. Later, excessive demand for this work led to the evolution of a "ripe Corinthian" style in which the work is not so fine. Athens began to produce Black-figure ware as a result of which they were able to lure much western trade away from Corinth. The Corinthians countered with imitations of the Athenian produce, but by 550 BC the Corinthian export trade had ceased. Most painting and sculpture of the period has not survived. Early Greek sculpture shows Egyptian influence. The most popular them is that of naked young men, statues set up over the graves of men who died young. Subsequently, korai (maidens) appear as a theme, for example, in a series made for the Acropolis. Temples originally made of timber and brick were rebuilt in stone.
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Contents of
The Greek Middle Ages: c. 1125 - c.700 BC
1 Population growth and land hunger
2 Economic expansion and the rising "middle class"
3 Cultural developments in Greece during the period of tyrannies
4 Hoplite tactics
5 Factional politics
6 Ethnic tensions
7 The downfall of tyrants in archaic Greece
8 The Dorian and Ionic migrations
9 The Dorians
10 Greek Dark age
11 The Greek City States
12 Greek colonization of the C8th BC
13 Greek colonization of the Aegean and East
14 Greek settlers in the Euxine
15 Causes of the Greek colonization
16 Archaeological evidence for Greek population expansion in C8th BC
17 Foundation of Cyrene
18 Corcyra
19 Olbia
20 The Lelantine war
21 Relations with Egypt
22 Greek Culture during the Greek Middle Ages
23 Introduction of phonetic script
24 Homer
25 Hesiod
26 Foundation of the Olympic Games
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