Neutral Monism
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Human identity in the context of naive realism
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Since then, there has been a tendency for a reversion to a more naïve form of realism – in fact, the very type of realism against which Berkeley, Hume and Kant argued. This realism can be characterized by the following doctrines. 1. Physical objects are just given. Doubt of their existence is ill-founded. The assumption that there is a physical reality underpins scientific enquiry. 2. In any discussion of realism the distinction between a transcendental reality and a reality of phenomena that are just presented to the mind is either consciously and deliberate rejected, or is ignored. 3. It is still believed that empirical, scientific observation yields objective knowledge of physical reality. 4. The existence of mental phenomena, as distinct from physical phenomena, is regarded as questionable. There is a tendency to regard conscious states as either non-existence, or as a type of material event. 5. Whenever identity is discussed, the identity of physical objects is not called into question. That physical processes are real and exist independently of the mind, that is, independently of perception, is not called into question. It is in this context that the modern discussion of human identity proceeds. Clearly, with such a strong commitment to realism, empiricism and materialism, the notion of human identity is going to be subject to sceptical questioning. In other words, that there is a human identity will be exposed either as a myth, or subject to some form of redefinition.
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Contents of
Neutral Monism
1 Sense data, atoms of perception
2 Hume, sense-data, sense impressions and atoms of experience
3 Entrapment within subjectivity, ideas
4 Neutral monism, realism, Russell, A.J. Ayer, Qualia
5 Is the whole a composite of its parts?
6 Space, time, continuity and atomism
7 Phenomenalism
8 The philosophy of logical atomism
9 Logical atomism, complex sentences and intensional contexts
10 Human identity in the context of naive realism
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