Knowledge and justification
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Plato: The Theaetetus
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The tripartite definition of knowledge has its origin in the work of Plato. Plato begins his dialogue The Theaetetus with the question (which he places into the mouth of Socrates). SOCRATES: Talking to the young man, Theaetetus: … that is precisely what I am puzzled about: I cannot make out to my own satisfaction what knowledge is? Can we answer that question? The tripartite definition seems to be more clearly expressed in other places; for example, we can see it at work in this following extract from Plato's The Republic. In this dialogue Socrates is discussing the nature of justice with Glaucon. SOCRATES: To Glaucon. Then knowledge is set over that which is, and ignorance of necessity over that which is not; and over this that is between, must we not now seek for something between ignorance and knowledge, if there is such a thing? GLAUCON: Certainly. SOCRATES: But do we say that belief is anything? GLAUCON: Surely. SOCRATES: A power distinct from knowledge, or identical with it? GLAUCON: Distinct. SOCRATES: Then belief is set over one thing and knowledge over another, each according to its own power? GLAUCON: Yes.
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Contents of
Knowledge and justification
1 The distinction between knowledge and belief
2 Unsound, invalid, possible world and fallacy
3 Counterexample, exposing a fallacy
4 Belief and doubt
5 Believing that and knowing that
6 Knowledge and certainty - the tripartite definition of knowledge
7 True, justified belief
8 Plato: The Theaetetus
9 Plato: Forms
10 The possibility of scepticism and categories of belief
11 Global scepticism
12 The Argument from Authority
13 Valid argument, inference and justification
14 Chain of deductive inferences, self-evident truths
15 Sense experience, empiricism
16 The dialectic method, thesis and antithesis
17 Rationalism and empiricism; the Discourse on the Method
18 The Cogito, Reason and Rational Insight
19 Bertrand Russell, Acquaintance
20 Universals, Forms
21 Scepticism, Existentialism and Faith
22 The evil genius argument
23 Existentialism
24 Soren Kierkegaard - Fear and Trembling - the Absurd
25 Foundation for Knowledge
26 Theory of Knowledge, Epistemology and Metaphysics
27 Rationalism, Mathematics and Logic, Innateness
28 Innate Ideas
29 The a priori
30 Truth by convention, Hume and the Method of Doubt
31 Hume and the distinction between belief and knowledge
32 Hume and the definition of belief
33 Truth as a logical operator on sentences
34 The correspondence theory of truth
35 Wittgenstein: On Certainty
36 Wittgenstein and the coherence theory of truth
37 William James and Pragmatism
38 W.V.O. Quine, pragmatism and the Two Dogmas of Empiricism
39 Postivism and pragmatism
40 Pragmatism and utilitarianism
41 Pragmatism and religiion
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